Tala Fou - O a itu e masani ona fa'aaogaina ai paipa u'amea lapopoa?

O paipa u'amea lapopoa (e masani ona faasino i paipa u'amea i fafo ≥114mm, faatasi ai ma le ≥200mm ua faauigaina o le tele i nisi tulaga, e faalagolago i tulaga tau alamanuia) e masani ona faʻaaogaina i vaega autu e aofia ai le "tele-media felauaiga," "tulaga mamafa-tiute lagolago," ma "tulaga maualuga-omiga" ona o lo latou malosi maualuga-tafe, gafatia.

Malosiaga: Faʻamautinoa le felauaiga o le malosi ma le saogalemu o gaosiga

O le malosi o le vaega muamua lea e fa'aoga mo paipa u'amea tetele. O mana'oga autu e aofia ai le maualuga o le mamafa, mamao mamao, ma le fa'afefeteina. O paipa ia e fa'aaogaina e felauai ai fa'asalalauga autu malosi e pei o le suau'u, kesi faanatura, koale, ma le eletise.

1. Felauaiga Suauu ma Kesi: O le "aorta" o paipa mamao

Talosaga: Pipa ogalaau suauu ma kesi i totonu o le itulagi (e pei o le West-East Gas Pipeline ma Saina-Russia East Natural Gas Pipeline), paipa e aoina mai totonu ma felauaiga i totonu o le suauu, ma paipa suauu / kesi mo le suauu ma kesi i fafo.
Ituaiga Paipa Uamea: Fa'amuamua le li'o fa'afefete arc uelo paipa (LSAW) ma le su'isu'i sa'o arc uelo paipa (SSAW), ma seamless paipa u'amea (e pei o API 5L X80/X90 grades) fa'aogaina i nisi vaega maualuga-omiga.
Manaoga Autu: Tatalia le mamafa o le 10-15 MPa (laina ogalaau kasa masani), tetee atu i le pala o le palapala (paipa i luga o le matafaga), ma tetee atu i le pala o le sami (paipa i fafo). Ole umi ole paipa e tasi e mafai ona oʻo ile 12-18 mita e faʻaitiitia ai soʻoga faʻapipiʻi ma faʻaitiitia le lamatiaga o le leaka. Fa'ata'ita'iga masani: o le China-Russia East Line Natural Gas Pipeline (o le paipa sili ona mamao mamao i Saina, fa'atasi ai ma nisi o vaega e fa'aoga ai paipa u'amea 1422mm), ma le paipa suauu o Saudi-UAE (paipa u'amea 1200mm ma lapoa).

API 5L Paipa Ose Paipa Mata'utia mo Felauaiga Malosiaga

2. Alamanuia Malosiaga: O le "ala malosi" o fale eletise vevela/faaniukilia

I totonu o le eletise eletise, o nei paipa o loʻo faʻaaogaina i "paipa tetele e fa" (paipa ausa autu, toe faʻaleleia paipa paipa, paipa vai fafaga autu, ma paipa faʻavevela vevela maualuga) e felauaiga ai le vevela, maualuga le vevela (vevela o le 300-600 ° C ma le mamafa o le 10-30 MPa).

I le vaega o le malosi faaniukilia, o paipa u'amea tulaga saogalemu mo atumotu faaniukilia (e pei o paipa fa'amalo fa'aoso) e mana'omia le malosi o le fa'avevela ma le fetolofi. Austenitic uamea u'amea seamless paipa (e pei o le ASME SA312 TP316LN) e masani ona faʻaaogaina. Lagolago Fou Malosi'i: "Line Collector Line Pipelines" (puipuia uaea maualuga-voltage) i le photovoltaic/savili eletise fa'avae, ma paipa fe'avea'i o le hydrogen (o nisi o galuega fa'atino e fa'aaogaina paipa u'amea 300-800mm Φ fa'a'ele'ele).

Municipal and Water Conservancy Engineering: O le "Lifeline" o Aai ma le Soifuaga o Tagata

Mana'oga i le vaega fa'alenu'u e taula'i i le "maualuga le tafe, maualalo le tausiga, ma le fetuutuuna'i i le taulaga i lalo o le eleele / luga siosiomaga." O le fa'amoemoe autu o le fa'amautinoaina lea o le sapalai o le suavai ma alavai mo tagata nonofo ma le fa'agaoioia o faiga tau taulaga.

1. Inisinia Sapalai Suavai ma Alavai: Fa'asuavai i le Taulaga/Talavai Ogavai
Suavai Talosaga: "Pipa vai mata" mai puna vai i le taulaga (faatanoa, vaitafe) i vai laau, ma "ogalaau o le vai paipa a le malo" mai laau vai i nofoaga i le taulaga, e manaomia le felauaiga o vai tafe maualuga (eg, 600-2000mm Φ paipa uʻamea).
Talosaga Alavai: "Papa ogalaau o le vai" i le taulaga (mo alavai vave o lologa e mafua mai i timuga mamafa) ma "paipa ogalaau otaota" (mo le felauaiga o vai otaota i fale/fale gaosimea i fale gaosi otaota). O nisi o lo'o fa'aogaina paipa u'amea e tete'e a'e (fa'ata'ita'iga, paipa u'amea fa'apipi'i palasitika ma paipa u'amea sima sima).
Tulaga lelei: Pe a faatusatusa i paipa sima, o paipa uʻamea e mama, e mafai ona faʻafefe i lalo (faʻafetaui i le faʻaogaina o eleele lavelave i le taulaga), ma ofoina atu faʻamaufaʻailoga sili ona lelei (puipuia le tafe o le suavai ma le palapala).

2. Nofoaga Fa'asao Suavai: Fa'aliliuina o Suavai ma Fa'atonu Lologa
Talosaga: Poloketi fesiita'i vai (e pei o le "Yellow River Tunnel Pipeline" o le ala ogatotonu o le South-to-North Water Diversion Project), paipa fa'afefe ma paipa tafe lolova mo faatanoa/vaivai, ma paipa alavai mo le pulea o lologa ma alavai i le taulaga.
Manaoga masani: Tatalia le tafe mai o le vai (vave o le 2-5 m/s), tatalia le mamafa o le vai (o nisi o paipa vai loloto e tatau ona tatalia le mamafa o le ulu e sili atu i le 10 m), ma le lautele e sili atu i le 3000 mm (faʻataʻitaʻiga, o le 3200 mm o le paipa faʻafefe uamea i se fale eletise).

Alamanuia Gaosi: Le "Ivi tua" o Meafaigaluega Mamafa ma Gaosiga Fa'agasologa

O le vaega o alamanuia e tele mana'oga, fa'atasi ai ma le taula'i autu i le "fetuuna'i i tulaga mamafa-tiute ma fa'amalieina mana'oga felauaiga a fa'asalalauga fa'apitoa," e aofia ai pisinisi e pei o metallurgy, vaila'au, ma masini.

1. Metallurgy/Steel Industry: Femalagaa'i Mea Maualuluga
Talosaga: Uamea mill '" pipelines kasa ogaaumu" (aveina kasa maualuga-vevela, 200-400 ° C), "umea ma faaauau pea le lafoina cooling pipelines vai" (maualuga cooling o pili uamea), ma "slurry pipelines" (faaliliuina uʻamea slurry).
Mana'oga paipa u'amea: Tete'e oxidation maualuga-vevela (mo paipa kesi) ma le ofuina (mo slurries o loʻo i ai vaega malo, e manaʻomia paipa uʻamea uʻamea faʻafefe). O le lautele e masani lava mai le 200 i le 1000 mm.

2. Kemisi/Petrochemical Alamanuia: Corrosive Media Transportation
Talosaga: Pipa mea mata i laau kemikolo (e pei o vai ma vaifofo alkali, solvents organic), catalytic ta'e iunite paipa i petrochemical laau (maualuga-vevela, maualuga-omiga suauu ma kesi), ma tane lafoai paipa (tele-diameter lafoaia paipa mo tane tetele teuina).
Ituaiga Paipa Uamea: O paipa u'amea u'amea (e pei o le 316L u'amea) ma paipa u'amea palasitika po'o pa'u (mo fa'asalalauga maualuga) e fa'aaoga muamua. O nisi o paipa maualuga e fa'aaogaina paipa u'amea 150-500mm.

3. Masini Mamafa: Fesoasoani Faʻavae ma Faiga Faʻasao
Fa'aoga: Pa'u pa'u pa'u vai i masini faufale (excavators ma cranes) (o nisi o meafaigaluega tetele-tonnage e fa'aaogaina 100-300mm paipa u'amea lamolemole), paipa u'amea lagolago moega i masini masini tetele, ma le apefai i totonu / paipa puipuia o le uaea (150-300mm) i fafo o le matagi turbine olo.

Atina'e ma Femalagaa'iga: "Vaega Fa'atonu e Avea uta" mo Poloketi Tele.

I galuega tetele tetele e pei o alalaupapa, alalaupapa, ma malae vaalele, o paipa uʻamea lapopoa e le gata ina avea ma "paipa faʻasalalau" ae faʻapea foʻi ma "vaega faʻavae" e amoina avega pe puipuia.

1. Alalaupapa Inisinia: Sima-faatumu Uamea Tube Arch Alalaupapa/Pier Columns
Talosaga: "Main ivi 'aso'aso" o alalaupapa faaofuofu umi-span (e pei o le Chongqing Chaotianmen Yangtze River Bridge, lea e faaaoga 1200-1600mm Φ sima-tumu uamea alalaupapa tumu i le sima, tuufaatasia le malosi tensile o tubes uʻamea ma le malosi compressive o sima), ma le "puipuiga piro piro lima lima).
Tulaga lelei: Pe a faatusatusa i sima faʻamalosia masani, fausaga faʻapipiʻi uʻamea e tumu i le sima e mama, faigofie ona fausia (e mafai ona faʻapipiʻiina i fale gaosimea ma faʻapipiʻi i luga ole nofoaga), ma e umi atu foʻi (e oʻo i le 500 mita pe sili atu).

2. Alafua ma Alatele Femalagaa'i: Ea ma Puipuia Uaea
Tunnel Applications: "Ventilation Ducts" (mo le ea fou, lautele 800-1500mm) i alalaupapa / alalaupapa alalaupapa, ma "Fire Water Supply Pipes" (mo le maualuga o le tafe o le vai i le tulaga o afi afi).
Auala Femalagaa'i: "Underground Cable Protection Pipes" (mo le puipuia o uaea maualuga-voltage, o nisi e faia i le 200-400mm palasitika-coated paipa uʻamea) i alalaupapa / auala televave, ma "Catenary Column Casings" (koluma uʻamea e lagolagoina ai le eletise).

3. Malaeva'alele/Talaga: Paipa Fa'apitoa
Malaeva'alele: "Rainwater Drainage Pipes" (lapopo'a lautele 600-1200mm) mo auala e taofia ai le faaputuputuina o le suavai ma aafiaga i le takeoff ma le tulaueleele, ma "Air Conditioning Chilled Water Main Pipes" (mo le maualuga o le tafe o le vai malulu mo le puleaina o le vevela) i fale faʻamau.
Taulaga: "Oil Transfer Arm Pipelines" (feso'ota'i tane tane ma tane teu, felauaiga suau'u mama/suau'u fa'amamaina oloa, lautele 300-800mm) i fa'amauga uafu, ma le "Bulk Cargo Pipelines" (mo le felauaiga o uta tetele e pei o koale ma 'oa).

Isi Talosaga Fa'apitoa: Niche ae Fa'atauga Talosaga

Alamanuia a le Militeri: Vaatau "paipa malulu vai" (tetee atu i le suasami corrosion), tane "laila vai" (tele-diameter maualuga-omiga seamless paipa), ma le fa'alava fana "paipa uamea lagolago."

Su'esu'ega Fa'afanua: Va'e loloto "casings" (puipui le puipui o le vaieli ma puipuia le pa'u, o nisi e fa'aoga Φ300-500mm paipa u'amea lamolemole), fa'aputu kasa shale "paipa va'a fa'asaga'u" (mo le maualuga o le mamafa gau gau tilivaina).

Fa'ato'aga Fa'ato'aga: Fa'asao vai o fanua fa'ato'aga tetele "paipa fa'asusu fa'ato'aga" (pei o paipa ogalaau fa'asusu i le itu i matu-sisifo matutu, e Φ200-600mm le lautele).